Internal-combustion-engine piston



Feb. 25, 1930. H. A. souus El l. 1,748,526

' V I INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON I Filed June 20. 1927 2Sheets-Sheet 1 i /4 fig IV IIgENZ 0R5:

Feb. 25, 1930. H. A. souus AL 1,743,525

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PiSTON- Filed June 20, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2f /0 r WENTORE Patented Feb. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAROLDA. SOULIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND WILBUR T.. SOULIS, OF EASTON,

' PENNSYLVANIA I INTERNAL-COMBUSTiON-ENGINE PISTON Application filedJune 20,

The invention is an improvement in pistons for internal combustionengines and means for constructing the same whereby the efficiency ofinternal combustion engines in which our invention is embodied will bematerially increased.

The duty of a bi-metallic piston is to per-' form the duty of aconventional all iron or all aluminum piston in sucha manner that theywill have none of the inherent disadvantages of pistons made of onemetal. .In the all aluminum piston the excessive expansion and excessiveskirt wear do not permit the In the case of the all iron piston with itsinsufiieient heat conduction and its excessive .weight the compressionratio and high speed are greatly retarded. As the tendency in modernengine design is toward high speed and high compression ratios, it isseen that a piston light in weight with high heat conductivities must beused. A bi-metallic piston with the proper metal in the head section andshell or skirt section will eliminate the disadvantages of the singlemetal piston and when properly constructed will have none of theirdisadvantages.

It is the object of our invention to fulfil these exacting requirementsby the construction of our shell to prevent expansion, and prevent theshell going out of round, by the forces exerted and to allow the shellto conform to theshape of the cylinder wall at all times. It is afurther object to securely lock ner of practicing our method or processand its use, to which we maybe entitled under our,invention in itsbroadest aspect.

For a consideration of what we believe to be novel in our invention,attention is directed engine to perform at its highest efiiciency.

the two metals together and to use an alumi-'- 1927. Serial no. 199,913.

to the accompanying description and claims appended thereto.

We shall now proceedto describe our invention with reference to theaccompanying drawings, wherein we have illustrated certain preferredembodiments for the purpose of presenting a-clear and comprehensive disclosure, it being obvious that our invention is susceptible of takingother forms without departing from the scope and spirit thereof. 69

F ig. l is an elevation, in section, taken through the head, shell andwrist pin boss showing the manner, of extending the shell beyond theinset wallto act as a reenforcement. I

Fig. 2 is an elevation, in section taken. through the head and shellsection showing the manner of extending the shell metal beyond the insetwall to act as a reenforcement,

Fig. 3 is an elevation, in section taken through the head and shellsection, showing the manner of reenforcing the inset wall and shoulderby the addition of shell metal.

Fig. 4 is an elevation, in section, taken through the head and shellsection showing the manner of reenforcing the inset wall in the samemanner as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an elevation, in section, taken through the head and shellsection, showing the shell section constructed in two pieces.

Fig. 6 is an elevation, in section, taken through the head and shellsection, showing the method of reenforcing the shoulder section by meansof a ring.

Fig. 7 is an elevation, in section, taken through the head and shellsection, showing the manner of,constru'cting the shell section in twopieces.

Fig. 8' is an elevation, in section, taken through the head and shellsection, showing allow for shell to conform to any irregularities in thecylinder walls.

Referring now to the drawings in detail in which like characters ofreference are employed to designate similar parts throughout the severalviews, 2 is a piston skirt consisting of a thin high cast ferrous ornon-ferrous skirt with a shoulder or inset wall 3 cast integral with ashoulder 4 with lock holes 8, shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10 andreenforced by an integrally cast ring 5, 'to allow pieces are attachedin a convenient manner before the head is cast in place.

In Fig. 7 is shown the shell section 2 with inwardly turned flange 3 andattached to the inwardly turned flange is outwardly turned flange 10 ofshoulder 11 having lock holes 8.

In Fig. 8 is shown the shell 2 with integrally cast wall 3 and shoulder4; with lock holes 8. This construction has a relief at 12 adjacent tothe head section which permits the shell 2 to distort in the vicinity ofthe inset wall 3 where no additional reenforcement is added to theshoulder construction.

The head and shell sections are interlocked by allowing the head sectionmetal to flow through holes 8. In Fig. 10 slot 3 allows the shell tohave flexibility that 'it'may conform to the irregularities of thecylinder wall.

14: are compression ring grooves and may be of any number to suit thevarious conditions in engine construction.

It is seen that in some instances it may be desirable to modify thenumber or shape of reenforcing rings. It is also seen that the number oflock holes or their shape may be modified to meet different conditions.It is also seen that the shape or the direction of the slot and thenumber of slots may be modified as can the relief at the shouldersection.

We claim:

1. In a bi-metallic piston, a cast iron shell having portions of majorand minor diameters with a connecting surface in a horizontal plane,said surface projecting inwardly of the inner face of the shellwall toform an internal circumferential ledge between the two portions ofdiflerent diameters, the wall of said 'shell above said horizontalsurface being apertured, and a head of an aluminum alloy cast upon saidshell, the metal of said head extending through said apertures and aboutsaid connecting surface and its inter nal projection.

2. In a bi-metallic piston, a cast iron shell having portions of majorand minor diameters with a connecting surface in a horizontal plane,said major portion being apertured to receive a wrist pin and having aninturned flange at its lower end, said connecting surface extendinginwardly to form an internal circumferential reinforcing ledge of lesserdiameter than that of the shell, the wall of said portion of minordiameter being apertured, and a head of an aluminum alloy with integralwrist pin bosses coinciding with said wrist pin apertures in the shell,cast upon said shell, said head metal extending through said aperturesin the portion of minor diameter and entirely embracing said portion ofminor diameter, the inner surface of said head metal coinciding with theinner surface of said reinforcing ledge.

3. A cylindrical cast iron shell for a bimetallic piston, having arelatively thin uniform wall section and formed with a portion ofreduced diameter at its upper end, forming a circumferential shoulder,said reduced portion being provided with apertures, said shoulderextending inwardly from the inner surface of said portion of reduceddiameter to form anintcrnal circumferential ledge.

4. A cylindrical shell for a bi-metallic piston ofcast iron, having arelatively thin wall section apertured to receive a wrist pin, with aninturned flange at its lower end, and

formed with a portion of reduced diameter at its upper end of uniformwall section, providing a circumferential shoulder, said reduced portionbeing provided with horizontally disposed elongated circumferentiallyspaced apertures, said shoulder extending inwardly beyond the innersurface of the reduced portion to form a circumferential reinforcingledge for said shell.

HAROLD A. SOULIS.

WILBUR T. SOULIS.

